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Ibn Tufayl influenced Locke's notion of Tabula Rasa.

In Hayy ibn Yaqzan the Islamic philosopher discussed the life story of a baby living alone without prior knowledge who discovered natural law, and natural rights, which obliged man not to coerce against another's life or property. These Islamic theologians and philosopher wrote that man could rationally know that man had a right to life and property. "Natural justice is a symbol or expression of usefullness, to prevent one person from harming or being harmed by another." Ību Mansur Al Maturidi, Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya, Averroes Historical formulations of the non-aggression principle Year Variations of it can be found in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, as well as in Eastern philosophies such as Taoism. The principle has a long tradition but has been mostly popularized by anarchists and other schools of libertarianism. Though not completely without controversy NAP represents the backbone of present day libertarian political philosophy. NAP has historically been a prominent issue within libertarianism. Many supporters argue that NAP opposes such policies as victimless crime laws, taxation, and military drafts.

In contrast to pacifism, the non-aggression principle does not preclude violence used in self-defense. Supporters of NAP use it to demonstrate the immorality of theft, vandalism, assault, and fraud. Specifically, any unsollicited actions of others that physically affect an individual’s property, including that person’s body, no matter if the result of those actions is damaging, beneficiary or neutral to the owner, are considered violent when they are against the owner’s free will and interfere with his right to self-ownership. Aggression, for the purposes of the NAP, is defined as the initiation or threatening of violence against a person or legitimately owned property of another.

The non-aggression principle (also called the non-aggression axiom, the anti-coercion principle, the zero aggression principle, the non-initiation of force), or NAP for short, is a moral stance which asserts that aggression is inherently illegitimate.